√The electron beam emitted by the electron gun is guided by the magnetic field to hit the zirconia substrate. The substrate bombarded by the electron beam will become gaseous, and the gaseous zirconia is guided to the surface of the blade and begins to grow.

√Zirconia will grow into sticks with a diameter of 1 μ m and a length of 50 μ m, which will be densely covered on the surface of leaves without pores being coated.

√Because it is not a whole piece of ceramic, there can be slight relative movement between the small sticks without peeling the whole piece, which solves the problem of failure caused by deformation.